De-identification

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Some survey variables allow identification of individual respondents. This is called Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
It is the responsibility of researchers to make sure this data is safely stored and that
PII must be saved in encrypted folders and removed from data sets as soon as possible in the project
No PII can ever be publicly released without explicit consent

Personally Identifiable Information

In the context of a survey, Personally identifiable information (PII) are the variables that can, either on their own or in combination with other variables, lead to identifying a single surveyed individual. Here's a list of variables that may lead to personal identification:

Names of survey respondent, household members, enumerators and other individuals
Names of schools, clinics, villages and possibly other administrative units (depending on the survey)
Dates of birth
GPS coordinates
Contact information
Record identifier (social security number, process number, medical record number, national clinic code, license plate, IP address)
Pictures (of individuals, houses, etc)

A few examples of sensitive variables that depending on survey context may contain personally identifying information:

Age
Gender
Ethnicity
Grades, salary, job position

As these variables exemplify, what exactly is PII will depend on the context of each survey. For example, if a survey covers a small farming community, variables such as plot size and crops cultivated can be combined to identify an individual household. Administrative units can be considered PII if there are few individuals in each of them. The guidelines to deal with PII will be discussed below, but three common solutions are (1) drop PII variables, (2) use anonymous codes instead of names, and (3) introduce white noise.

Guidelines

Folder Encryption